BOOK XVI. KE SHE.

【第一章】【一節】李氏將伐顓臾。【二節】冉有李路見於孔子曰、李氏將 有事於顓臾。 CHAP. I. 1. The head of the Chi family was going to attack Chwan-yu. 2. Zan Yu and Chi-lu had an interview with Confucius, and said, 'Our chief, Chi, is going to commence operations against Chwan-yu.'

【三節】孔子曰、求、無乃爾是過與。【四節】夫顓臾、昔者、先王以為東 蒙主、且在邦域之中矣、是社稷之臣也、何以伐為。【五節】冉有曰、夫子 欲之、吾二臣者、皆不欲也。【六節】孔子曰、求、周任有言曰、陳力就列、 不能者止、危而不持、顛而不扶、則將焉用彼相矣。【七節】且爾言過矣、 虎兕出於柙、龜玉毀於 3. Confucius said, 'Ch'iu, is it not you who are in fault here? 4. 'Now, in regard to Chwan-yu, long ago, a former king appointed its ruler to preside over the sacrifices to the eastern Mang; moreover, it is in the midst of the territory of our State; and its ruler is a minister in direct connexion with the sovereign:-- What has your chief to do with attacking it?' 5. Zan Yu said, 'Our master wishes the thing; neither of us two ministers wishes it.' 6. Confucius said, 'Ch'iu, there are the words of Chau Zan,-- "When he can put forth his ability, he takes his place in the ranks of office; when he finds himself unable to do so, he retires from it. How can he be used as a guide to a blind man, who does not support him when tottering, nor raise him up when fallen?" 7. 'And further, you speak wrongly. When a tiger or rhinoceros escapes from his cage; when a tortoise or piece of jade is injured in its repository:-- whose is the fault?'

櫝中、是誰之過與。【八節】冉有曰、今夫顓臾、固而近於費、今不取、後 世必為子孫憂。【九節】孔子曰、求、君子疾夫舍曰欲之、而必為之辭。【十 節】丘也、聞有國有家者、不患寡、而患不均、不患貧、而患不安、蓋均無 貧、和無寡、安無傾。【十一節】夫如 8. Zan Yu said, 'But at present, Chwan-yu is strong and near to Pi; if our chief do not now take it, it will hereafter be a sorrow to his descendants.' 9. Confucius said. 'Ch'iu, the superior man hates that declining to say-- "I want such and such a thing," and framing explanations for the conduct. 10. 'I have heard that rulers of States and chiefs of families are not troubled lest their people should be few, but are troubled lest they should not keep their several places; that they are not troubled with fears of poverty, but are troubled with fears of a want of contented repose among the people in their several places. For when the people keep their several places, there will be no poverty; when harmony prevails, there will be no scarcity of people; and when there is such a contented repose, there will be no rebellious upsettings. 11. 'So it is.-- Therefore, if remoter people are not submissive, all

是、故遠人不服、則修文德以來之、既來之、則安之。【十二節】今由與求 也、相夫子、遠人不服、而不能來也、邦分崩離析、而不能守也。【十三節】 而謀動干戈於邦內、吾恐李孫之憂、不在顓臾、而在蕭牆之內也。 the influences of civil culture and virtue are to be cultivated to attract them to be so; and when they have been so attracted, they must be made contented and tranquil. 12. 'Now, here are you, Yu and Ch'iu, assisting your chief. Remoter people are not submissive, and, with your help, he cannot attract them to him. In his own territory there are divisions and downfalls, leavings and separations, and, with your help, he cannot preserve it. 13. 'And yet he is planning these hostile movements within the State.-- I am afraid that the sorrow of the Chi-sun family will not be on account of Chwan-yu, but will be found within the screen of their own court.'

【第二章】【一節】孔子曰、天下有道、則禮樂征伐、自天子出、天下無道、 則禮樂征伐、自諸侯出、自諸侯出、蓋十世希不失矣、自大夫出、五世希不 失矣、陪臣執國命、三世希不失矣。【二節】天下有道、則政不在大夫。【三 節】天下有道、則庶人不議。 CHAP. II. 1. Confucius said, 'When good government prevails in the empire, ceremonies, music, and punitive military expeditions proceed from the son of Heaven. When bad government prevails in the empire, ceremonies, music, and punitive military expeditions proceed from the princes. When these things proceed from the princes, as a rule, the cases will be few in which they do not lose their power in ten generations. When they proceed from the Great officers of the princes, as a rule, the cases will be few in which they do not lose their power in five generations. When the subsidiary ministers of the great officers hold in their grasp the orders of the state, as a rule, the cases will be few in which they do not lose their power in three generations. 2. 'When right principles prevail in the kingdom, government will not be in the hands of the Great officers. 3. 'When right principles prevail in the kingdom, there will be no discussions among the common people.'

【第三章】孔子曰、祿之去公室、五世矣、政逮於大夫、四世矣、故夫三桓 之子孫微矣。 【第四章】孔子曰、益者三友、損者三友、友直、友諒、友多聞、益矣、友 便辟、友善柔、友便佞、損矣。 【第五章】孔子曰、益者三樂、損者三樂、樂節禮樂、 CHAP. III. Confucius said, 'The revenue of the state has left the ducal House now for five generations. The government has been in the hands of the Great officers for four generations. On this account, the descendants of the three Hwan are much reduced.' CHAP. IV. Confucius said, 'There are three friendships which are advantageous, and three which are injurious. Friendship with the upright; friendship with the sincere; and friendship with the man of much observation:-- these are advantageous. Friendship with the man of specious airs; friendship with the insinuatingly soft; and friendship with the glib-tongued:-- these are injurious.' CHAP. V. Confucius said, 'There are three things men find enjoyment in which are advantageous, and three things they find enjoyment in which are injurious. To find enjoyment in the discriminating study of ceremonies and music; to find enjoyment in

樂道人之善、樂多賢友、益矣。樂驕樂、樂佚遊、樂宴樂、損矣。 【第六章】孔子曰、侍於君子有三愆、言未及之而言、謂之躁、言及之而不 言、謂之隱、未見顏色而言、謂之瞽。 【第七章】孔子曰、君子有三戒、少之時、血氣未定、戒之 speaking of the goodness of others; to find enjoyment in having many worthy friends:-- these are advantageous. To find enjoyment in extravagant pleasures; to find enjoyment in idleness and sauntering; to find enjoyment in the pleasures of feasting:-- these are injurious.' CHAP. VI. Confucius said, 'There are three errors to which they who stand in the presence of a man of virtue and station are liable. They m